Wandering Metaphors, Woven Worlds: Icons, Buddha-Idols and Demon-Deities from Inner Asia and India to Ottoman Europe

Zakir Hussein Gul

doi:10.64957/nesir.1803866

Araştırma Makalesi

Sayı 9 (2025): Dosya: "Felsefe ve Edebiyatta Mimesis"

Dolaşan Metaforlar, Dokunan Dünyalar: İç Asya ve Hindistan’dan Osmanlı Avrupa’sına İkonlar, Buda Putları ve Demon-İlahlar

Zakir Hussein Gul^▸^▾

PDF (English)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.64957/nesir.1803866
Gönderildi: 01.08.2025
Yayınlanmış: 23.10.2025

Özet

Bu makale, İslam dünyası boyunca gezinen temel metaforların ve Wanderwörter’nın [seyyah kelimeler] göçünü izlemekte; Budist, Maniheist ve Brahmanik yaşam dünyalarına kök salmış terimlerin, Persianate poetikada ve onun Osmanlı’daki devamında nasıl yeniden tahayyül edildiğinin izini sürmektedir. Çin Buda-putu, Sanskritçe maṇḍala ve Farsça dīv gibi figürler, daha geniş bir örgüyü gözler önüne serer: İç Asya ve Hindistan’dan gelen somut göndergeler, orijinal dinî-felsefî bağlamlarından soyutlanarak İslami edebî çerçeveye yeniden yerleştirilmiş; kimi zaman değer bakımından tersyüz edilmiş, kimi zaman da yeni semantik katmanlarla zenginleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın merkezinde, İslam öncesi kökenlerinden, başlayarak Türk-Fars şiirinde “Çin’in ikon galerisi” olarak yeniden doğuşuna ve nihayet yirminci yüzyıl Osmanlı İstanbul’unda felsefî tasavvuf diline dâhil oluşuna kadar izlenen Farsça nigâr (ikon) kavramı bulunmaktadır. Bu makale, hareket halindeki bu tür metaforların izini sürerek, pasif bir senkretizm değil aktif bir temellük süreci olarak işleyen, şairler ve sûfîlerin yabancı imgeleri yeni estetik, metafizik ve siyasî amaçlara uyarladığı, böylece Persianate poetikayı tanımlayan uyarlanabilirlik ve çok yönlülüğün altını çizen bütünleşik bir edebî dünyayı açığa çıkarmaktadır.

Referanslar

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Anahtar Kelimeler

Persianate poetika
adab
ikonografi
Osmanlı edebî kültürü
Hint-Fars karşılaşmaları

Nasıl Atıf Yapılır

Gul, Zakir Hussein. “Dolaşan Metaforlar, Dokunan Dünyalar: İç Asya Ve Hindistan’dan Osmanlı Avrupa’sına İkonlar, Buda Putları Ve Demon-İlahlar”. Nesir: Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, no. 9 (Ekim 23, 2025): 61–114. Erişim Ekim 26, 2025. https://nesirdergisi.com/index.php/nesir/article/view/232.

Bu çalışma Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ile lisanslanmıştır.

[1] Amin, Shahid. Event, Metaphor, Memory: Chauri Chaura, 1922–1992. University of California Press, 1995.

[2] Asadī Ṭūsī. Lughat-i Furs. Edited by Muḥammad Dabīristānī. Kitābkhāna-yi Ẓuhūrī, 1977.

[3] Avnî [Fatih Sultan Mehmed]. Dîvân. Edited by Muhammed Nur Doğan. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı, n.d.

[4] ʿAṭṭār, Farīd al-Dīn. Asrār-nāma. Edited by Muḥammad ʿAbbāsī. Markaz-i Kitābfurūshī-yi Fakhr-i Rāzī, 1984.

[5] ———. Manṭiq al-Ṭayr. Edited by Fāṭima Ṣanʿatī-nīyā and Kāmil Aḥmadnizhād. Zuwwār, 1993.

[6] ———. The Conference of the Birds. Translated by Dick Davis. Penguin Classics, 2011.

[7] Bādshāh, Muḥammad ibn Ghulām Muḥyī al-Dīn. Farhang-i Ānandrāj. Vol. 3. Nawal Kishore, 1892.

[8] Brāhman, Chandar Bhān. Chahār Chaman. Edited by Muḥammad Yūnus Jaʿfarī. Markaz-i Taḥqīqāt-i Fārsī-i Rāyzanī-yi Farhangī-i Jumhūrī-yi Islāmī-i Īrān, 2007.

[9] Çetin, Engin. Altun Yaruk: Yedinci Kitap. Karahan Kitabevi, 2012.

[10] Cherian, Divya. Merchants of Virtue: Hindus, Muslims, and Untouchables in Eighteenth-Century South Asia. University of California Press, 2022.

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[13] Damrosch, David. “Scriptworlds: Writing Systems and the Formation of World Literature.” Modern Language Quarterly 68, no. 2 (June 2007).

[14] Dankoff, Robert. “Kāšġarī on the Beliefs and Superstitions of the Turks.” In From Mahmud Kaşgari to Evliya Çelebi: Studies in Middle Turkic and Ottoman Literatures. Gorgias Press, 2009.

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